You'll find quite a few options for the sunshade searching the site or Google. Those will block the sun but I don't believe I've seen an option that will completely block rain.
I have this holder from Amazon and it works great. Don't have to deal with clips on visors. I may order another for the other side.
Amazon Maxzina Sunglasses holder
Like the look of the I-Line Tall Bull Bar. It doesn't look like it would block the front camera but says it may block it. Would be great to have the camera view for these different bull bar options to show how much or little the camera is blocked.
Not a fan of decals in general. What I've done on past vehicles is remove the decal but order another set before they get hard to find and then just store them away until you sell the vehicle. That way you get what you want now (a clean look without the decal) and a future buyer has the option...
I bought this and it works perfectly.
Amazon Maxzina Sunglasses holder
I had the "visor clip" for a while and it just got in the way. This works so well, I might get one for the passenger side too.
Maybe just get a thick enough piece of rubber to put over the area so it won't charge. I've thought about doing the same. Most of the time I put my wallet in that space and then my phone on top of that so that you don't have to worry about the charger heating up your phone.