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From one diesel tech to another, this is a great post that pretty much sums it up.From my experience, oil coking is a thing of the past now that turbochargers are water-cooled. Coolant likes to circulate, even after the engine is shut off, and helps with the heat in turbos after shutdown. Plus modern oils are designed for turbocharged engines now, as opposed to the sludge we were using in the decades before when coking was actually a widespread issue.
However, oil still deteriorates, and it gets dirty. It's the dirt that gets in the oil that I worry about. Filters do a great job of getting the big stuff, but it's almost impossible to effectively trap the particulate matter that's gets in the oil from blowby. That is the reason, even with modern synthetics, that I run 5k mile oil changes. And it's not even my turbos, pistons, etc. that I'm worried about, it's the thing chain and then plastic guides. Timing chains HATE dirty oil, and it's one of the biggest reasons why they stretch. Every carmaker has issues with timing chains, even Honda and Ford.
Modern turbo engines are designed to be as dummy-proof as possible. No, you don't need a catch can. No, you don't HAVE to use premium. No, you don't have to let the turbo cool down after normal driving. Drive it normally, give it the occasional Italian tune-up, and maintain it normally. You'll be fine.
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